Infinitive or -ing?

Sometimes we need to decide whether to use a verb in its:
• -ing form (doing, singing)

or
• infinitive form (to do, to sing).

For example, only one of the following sentences is correct. Which one?
• I dislike working late. (???)
• I dislike to work late. (???)

When to use the infinitive

The infinitive form is used after certain verbs:
- forget, help, learn, teach, train
- choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like
- agree, encourage, pretend, promise, recommend
- allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse
• I forgot to close the window.
• Mary needs to leave early.
• Why are they encouraged to learn English?
• We can't afford to take a long holiday.

The infinitive form is always used after adjectives, for example:
- disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised
• I was happy to help them.
• She will be delighted to see you.

This includes too + adjective:
• The water was too cold to swim in.
• Is your coffee too hot to drink?

The infinitive form is used after adjective + enough:
• He was strong enough to lift it.
• She is rich enough to buy two.

When to use -ing

The -ing form is used when the word is the subject of a sentence or clause:
• Swimming is good exercise.
• Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.
The -ing form is used after a preposition:
• I look forward to meeting you.
• They left without saying "Goodbye."
The -ing form is used after certain verbs:
- avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise
• I dislike getting up early.
• Would you mind opening the window?

First activity: scrambled sentences.

The first activity is a scrambled sentences exercise. Look at the example and put the words in the correct order to form logical sentences considering the grammatical structures studied in class.

0. the dog I outside your saw house

I saw your dog outside the house

1. was not there was he.
______________________________________________________________________

2. you about who told it?
______________________________________________________________________
3. you did about who tell it?
______________________________________________________________________
4. him saw I party the at.
______________________________________________________________________
5. time for I looking him saw the he job a last was.
______________________________________________________________________
6. win they the game did?
______________________________________________________________________
7. hard I could as I as tried.
______________________________________________________________________
8. going where she was?
______________________________________________________________________

1st Test Feedback

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